Dermato-Oncology Cancers

                                             
Dermato-Oncology Cancers

Dermato - Oncology cancers arise from the skin. They occur due to the development of abnormal cells that can invade or spread to other parts of the body. Greater than 90% of cases are caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. This exposure increases the risk of all three main types of skin cancer. Exposure of skin has become harmful because with depletion of ozone layer and by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. 

Types of skin cancer
·        Basal-cell carcinoma (BCC), also known as basal-cell cancer, is the most common type of skin cancer. It often appears as a painless raised area of skin, which may be shiny with small blood vessels running over it; or it may present as a raised area with ulceration. Basal-cell cancers damage the skin tissue and spread to distant areas or to result in death.

·        Squamous-cell skin cancer, also known as cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), is one of the main types of skin cancer along with basal cell cancer, and melanoma. Onset is often over months. Squamous-cell skin cancer is more likely to spread to distant areas than basal cell cancer.

·        Melanoma, is known as malignant melanoma, is a type of cancer that develops from the pigment cells known as melanocytes. Malignant melanomas typically occur in the skin, but may rarely occur in the mouth, intestines, or eye. In women, they most commonly occur on the legs, while in men they are most common on the back. Greater than 90% of cases melanomas are caused due to exposure of ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. Melanomas are irregular edges, change in colour, itchiness, or skin breakdown.
Causes of skin cancer
·        Ultraviolet radiation from sun exposure is the primary environmental cause of skin cancer
·        Genetic syndromes
·        Chronic non-healing wounds
·        Use of low quality cosmetic products
Treatments
·        Radiation therapy & Chemotherapy
·        Mohs micrographic surgery
·        Photodynamic therapy
Preventions
·        Appropriate sun-protective clothing
·        Applying sunscreen with at least SPF 50
·        Avoidance of intense sun exposure

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